Wind rose data¶

Here we demonstrate how mean results over wind rose data are calculated in foxes. We need the following imports:

In [1]:

%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import foxes
import foxes.variables as FV
import foxes.constants as FC

First, we setup the model book and the wind farm. We choose 6 x 5 turbines on a regular grid:

In [2]:

mbook = foxes.ModelBook()

farm = foxes.WindFarm()
foxes.input.farm_layout.add_grid(
    farm=farm,
    xy_base=[0.0, 0.0],
    step_vectors=[[900.0, 50.0], [-80., 500.0]],
    steps=[6, 5],
    turbine_models=["NREL5MW", "kTI_05"],
    verbosity=0
)

ax = foxes.output.FarmLayoutOutput(farm).get_figure(figsize=(4, 3))
plt.show()

Next, we create the states based on the static data file wind_rose_bremen.csv.gz. The data represents a (coarse) wind rose with 216 states. Each of them consists of the wind direction and wind speed bin centres, and the respective statistical weight of the bin (normalized such that 1 represents 100%):

state,wd,ws,weight
0,0.0,3.5,0.00158
1,0.0,6.0,0.00244
2,0.0,8.5,0.00319
3,0.0,12.5,0.0036700002
4,0.0,17.5,0.00042
...

Let’s create the states object and have a look at the wind rose:

In [3]:

states = foxes.input.states.StatesTable(
    data_source="wind_rose_bremen.csv",
    output_vars=[FV.WS, FV.WD, FV.TI, FV.RHO],
    var2col={FV.WS: "ws", FV.WD: "wd", FV.WEIGHT: "weight"},
    fixed_vars={FV.RHO: 1.225, FV.TI: 0.05},
)

o = foxes.output.StatesRosePlotOutput(states, point=[0., 0., 100.])
fig = o.get_figure(16, FV.AMB_WS, [0, 3.5, 6, 10, 15, 20])
fig.show("svg")

/data/jonas/gits/wakes/foxes/foxes/output/rose_plot.py:174: FutureWarning: The default of observed=False is deprecated and will be changed to True in a future version of pandas. Pass observed=False to retain current behavior or observed=True to adopt the future default and silence this warning.
  grp = data[[wd_var, lgd, "frequency"]].groupby([wd_var, lgd])

We can now setup our algorithm. In this example, we invoke one wake model for the wind deficit, Bastankhah_linear (with linear wake superposition), and another for the turbulence intensity wake effect, CrespoHernandez_max (with maximum wake superposition). Both obtain the wake growth parameter k by a relation k = 0.5 * TI, see turbine_models choice in the wind farm setup.

In [4]:

algo = foxes.algorithms.Downwind(
    mbook,
    farm,
    states=states,
    rotor_model="centre",
    wake_models=["Bastankhah_linear", "CrespoHernandez_max"],
    wake_frame="rotor_wd",
    partial_wakes_model="auto",
    chunks={FC.STATE: 500, FC.POINT: 4000},
    verbosity=0,
)

We can now calculate the results:

In [5]:

with foxes.utils.runners.DaskRunner() as runner:
    farm_results = runner.run(algo.calc_farm)

o = foxes.output.FarmResultsEval(farm_results)
o.add_efficiency()

fig, axs = plt.subplots(2,1,figsize=(6, 7))
o = foxes.output.FarmLayoutOutput(farm, farm_results)
o.get_figure(fig=fig, ax=axs[0], color_by="mean_REWS", title="Mean REWS [m/s]", s=150, annotate=0)
o.get_figure(fig=fig, ax=axs[1], color_by="mean_EFF", title="Mean efficiency [%]", s=150, annotate=0)
plt.show()

o = foxes.output.FarmResultsEval(farm_results)
P0 = o.calc_mean_farm_power(ambient=True)
P = o.calc_mean_farm_power()
print(f"\nFarm power        : {P/1000:.1f} MW")
print(f"Farm ambient power: {P0/1000:.1f} MW")
print(f"Farm efficiency   : {o.calc_farm_efficiency()*100:.2f} %")
print(f"Annual farm yield : {o.calc_farm_yield(algo=algo):.2f} GWh")

[########################################] | 100% Completed | 101.52 ms
[########################################] | 100% Completed | 202.94 ms
Efficiency added to farm results


Farm power        : 78.4 MW
Farm ambient power: 81.7 MW
Farm efficiency   : 95.91 %
Annual farm yield : 686.65 GWh

Finally, we display the mean wind speed field as a 2D plot, including wake effects. We could simply do this by

o = foxes.output.FlowPlots2D(algo, farm_results)
o.get_mean_fig_xy(FV.WS, resolution=30)
plt.show()

This is perfectly fine, but if we wish to see a progress bar and have additional options for the parallel run on a cluster (which we are not using here), the output function should instead be passed to a DaskRunner object:

In [6]:

with foxes.utils.runners.DaskRunner() as runner:
    o = foxes.output.FlowPlots2D(algo, farm_results, runner=runner)
    o.get_mean_fig_xy(FV.WS, resolution=30)
    plt.show()

[########################################] | 100% Completed | 101.27 ms
[########################################] | 100% Completed | 101.18 ms
[########################################] | 100% Completed | 5.77 s

Note that for the vectorization/parallelization to work we need to set the chunks arguments in the creation of the Algorithm object. Here chunks of 4000 points were calculated at a time (for all states).